These settlers were tolerated by Chinese officials, usually themselves from nomadic groups. They erected simple shelters for haymaking in summer and autumn and for hunting in winter.
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Since the 1870s, Cossacks began grazing their cattle on the Chinese side, first along the Khaul river which is closest to Russia, only a day’s ride away from the Russian settlements. Some of them are said to have escaped from penal labour across the river and to have married indigenous women. While the Russians erected Cossack posts ( ostrogi) in the Transbaikal region, the Qing government at the time showed no care for development of the areas on the Chinese side of the border.Īfter the Decembrist revolt of 1825, political prisoners were sent to the Nerchinsk area. The Argun river served as a Sino-Russian border since the 1689 Treaty of Nerchinsk, but policing was almost non-existent. The general area of habitation for White Russians within Mongolia They have to pass tests in horse-riding, archery and the Manchu language before they can become a Prince. The Qing peerage system is overly complicated, but when it comes to the rules surrounding inheritance, a child does not automatically become a Prince after birth. Literally translated from Mandarin, it means 'enlightened'. Literally translated from Mandarin, it means 'may the state govern'. Literally translated from Mandarin, it means 'clear understanding' as such, the Emperor's son is expected to be wise and intelligent in all respects.Īs Guozhi will have no competition, he is expected to pass all the tests necessary to earn the right to become Prince of the First Blood. On this particular year, in accordance with the Five Elements, the dog is made of water.
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He will be honest and candid in interactions with those around him. Namely, he is to be loyal to his duties and keen to fulfill his role to the people of China. The spokesman also recounted how since Empress Xiaoding Longyu Kuanhui Shenzhe Xietian Baosheng Jing's tragic death in 1913, the Emperor had long sought a companion for him to rule the nation with, until 1919 when the Party introduced him to Qingzhao, the daughter of the Justice Minister, Qin Shi Huang, and how they struggled night after night to become pregnant until this year, the Year of the Dog, when their struggle finally bore fruit.Īs the Emperor's son was born in the Year of the Dog, he is expected to inherit all the traits associated with the Year of the Dog. According to Pu Yi, the Emperor's nephew and Official Spokesman for Imperial Affairs, the child's personal name shall be Guozhi and on the suggestion of the Party, his royal name shall be the Kaming Emperor upon taking the throne. The child, born of the Emperor and his Han Chinese empress Qingzhao, was born last night in the Forbidden Palace. The Emperor has been blessed with a child.